Date of use : 1900 France

Lumière & Jougla: A Historic Merger in Photography

The firm Lumière & Jougla Réunis represents one of the most significant mergers in the history of photography. One of the companies behind this union, the Lumière Company, was founded by the French entrepreneur Antoine Lumière. In 1882, he established the first photographic plate factory in the Monplaisir district of Lyon. The company was officially founded on January 5, 1884, under the name "Antoine Lumière et Fils" ("Antoine Lumière and Sons"). In 1892, it became a joint-stock company and adopted the name "S.A. des Plaques et Papiers Photographiques Antoine Lumière et ses Fils." The company initially specialized in the production of gelatin silver bromide-based, fast-drying dry photographic plates and papers. Over time, it expanded into new areas such as photographic paper, cinematographic film strips, and color photography with its invention of the Autochrome process.

The Jougla Company was founded in 1882 by Joseph Jougla and his brother Zacharie Jougla in Nogent-sur-Marne, near Paris. It was established as a joint-stock company under the name "Plaques, Pellicules et Papiers Photographiques Jougla." The company focused on producing glass plates, photographic papers, and chemicals for photographers. It also manufactured a special camera named Sinnox, which allowed the user to change plates in daylight without needing a darkroom. Starting in 1907, the Jougla company began producing the world's first color photographic plates based on trichromatic color principles, under the name Omnicolor.

The merger of these two prominent French firms was largely a response to the global dominance of Kodak in the early 1910s. In an effort to compete with Kodak's growing influence, Joseph Jougla decided to unite his company with the Lumière firm in Lyon. As a result, on March 10, 1911, the new joint-stock company "Union Photographique Industrielle – Établissements Lumière et Jougla Réunis" was officially established. The company was headquartered at 82 Rue de Rivoli in Paris. Under the new structure, the Lyon factories remained under the control of Auguste and Louis Lumière, while the Joinville plant was managed by Joseph Jougla and his son Gaston Jougla. Following the merger, photographic cameras and films bearing the Lumière brand were launched. The company's official name became "Union Photographique Industrielle (Établissements Lumière & Jougla Réunis)."

After Joseph Jougla's death in 1927, the company name was gradually changed to Société Lumière. This structure continued to operate until 1966. In 1975, Société Lumière merged with the British Ilford Group. The Lumière brand remained in use until 1982, at which point the company was officially renamed Ilford France, marking the end of the historic Lumière brand.

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